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The objectives of this project are to determine the interrelationships between the physical properties of ecosystems and the ecology of organisms in the generation of biodiversity, to measure objectively the resultant diversity and to produce operational concepts of biodiversity which are of general applicability and importance. (http://www.leeds.ac.uk/biology/research/europe/ambios.html) Acoustic Monitoring of the Ocean Climate in the Arctic Ocean (AMOC) The overall aim of this project is to explore, simulate and design an acoustic concept for long-term monitoring of the ocean temperature and ice thickness in the Arctic Ocean for global warming detection. (http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/sig/amoc_fnd.htm) Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climate (ATOC) ATOC's primary goal is to gather information about temperatures in the ocean in order to verify existing climate models. The technique, of sending sound across entire oceans, is expected to yield extremely valuable data, in both detail and scope. (http://atocdb.ucsd.edu/) Adriatic Dolphin Project (ADP) ADP is run by Blue World, a non-profit NGO dedicated to the preservation of the marine ecosystem. It focuses particularly on research and conservation of bottlenose dolphins in the Adriatic Sea, but also aims at protecting whole marine environment through research, conservation and education activities. (http://www.blue-world.org/) Air Sea GAS EXchange MAGE (ASGAMAGE) A research project investigating the way the sea and the atmosphere exchange greenhouse gases. (http://www.knmi.nl/asgamage/) Antarctic Circumpolar Current Levels by Altimetry and Island Measurements (ACCLAIM) consists of measurements from coastal tide gauges and bottom pressure stations, together with an ongoing research programme in satellite altimetry in the South Atlantic and Southern Oceans. (http://www.pol.ac.uk/psmsl/programmes/acclaim.info.html) Arctic Climate System Study (ACSYS) Concentrating on the understanding of Arctic Ocean variability and change including sea ice processes. (http://acsys.npolar.no/) Argo Project Argo is a global array of 3,000 free-drifting profiling floats that will measure the temperature and salinity of the upper 2000 m of the ocean in or near real-time. The programme involves a team of International scientists. (http://www.argo.ucsd.edu/) Atlantic Data Base for Exchange Processes at the Deep Sea Floor (ADEPD) will establish a network of European researchers involved in geochemical and biological processes in the deep sea of the Atlantic. The network will be used for the exchange of biogeochemical benthic data and aims at integrating present knowledge of processes at the deep sea floor. (http://www.pangaea.de/Projects/ADEPD/) Atlantic Meridional Transect (AMT) The programme undertakes biological, chemical and physical oceanographic research during the annual return passage of the RRS James Clark Ross from the UK to the Falkland Islands in September and from the Falklands to the UK in May. During the first phase of the project (1995 to 1999), twelve research cruises took place, providing a coherent set of repeated measurements over ocean basin scales. A second phase of the project is now underway, and will include six cruises between 2002 and 2005. These will sample further into the centre of the North and South Atlantic Ocean and along the north-west coast of Africa. (http://www.pml.ac.uk/amt/) Atlantic Meridional Transect (AMT) The British Oceanographic Data Centre is responsible for the management of data sets arising from the AMT programme. The role is to assemble quality-controlled data from all cruises into a relational database, so that spatial and temporal links between multiple parameters are maintained. (http://www.bodc.ac.uk/projects/amt.html) Atmospheric Chemistry Studies in the Oceanic Environment (ACSOE) A UK NERC Thematic Research Programme to investigate the chemistry of the lower atmosphere (0 - 12 km) over the oceans. The studies aim to bring about a clearer understanding of natural processes in the remote marine atmosphere, and how these processes are affected by atmospheric pollution originating from the continents. This information is vital in understanding regional and global-scale changes in atmospheric chemistry and climate. (http://www.uea.ac.uk/~acsoe/welcome.html) Atmospheric Deposition and Impact (ADIOS) Atmospheric Deposition and Impact of pollutants, key elements and nutrients on the Open Mediterranean Sea. Aims at understanding the magnitude, timing and geographical distribution of atmospheric deposition and impact of selected pollutants, key elements and nutrients on the Mediterranean open sea, an ecologically sensitive marine environment. (http://adios.univ-perp.fr/) Autonomous Lander Instrument Packages for Oceanic Research (ALIPOR). The principal aim of this EC MAST III initiative is to create a European fleet of autonomous lander vehicles that can operate together in joint research projects. The different groups will build lander vehicles to carry out a variety of experiments ranging from sediment probes to fish tracking. (http://www.awi-bremerhaven.de/Research/ProjectGroups/DeepSea) Autonomous System for Monitoring Air-Sea Fluxes (AutoFlux) The study aims to develop and test (in both laboratory and the field) an autonomous atmospheric measuring system which will measure surface stress, sensible and latent heat flux and also carbon dioxide flux. (http://www.soc.soton.ac.uk/JRD/MET/AUTOFLUX/) Baltic Air-Sea-Ice Study (BASIS). An EC MAST III study to create and analyse experimental process data for optimization and verification of atmosphere-ice-ocean models. (http://www.smhi.se/sgn0106/if/oceanografi/basis.htm) Baltic Sea Experiment (BALTEX) BALTEX is designed as a cage experiment to assess the total heat and water flux divergence of the BALTEX area. The basic BALTEX programme elements include numerical modelling, data assimilation, experimental and numerical process studies, re-analysis of existing data sets, and application of remote sensing. (http://aragorn.gkss.de/deutsch/Baltex/) Baltic Sea System Study (BASYS). BASYS aims to further the understanding of the susceptibility of the Baltic Sea to external forcing and to improve the quantification of past and present fluxes in the area. (http://www.io-warnemuende.de/Projects/Basys/en_home.htm) Bedford Basin Plankton Monitoring Program (BBPMP) A weekly record of phytoplankton, bacterioplankton, nutrients, temperature, salinity and oxygen at the deepest point of the Halifax Harbour inlet system (Canada). (http://www.mar.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/science/ocean/BedfordBasin/Bedf) BENthic biology and Geochemistry of a north-eastern Atlantic abyssal Locality (BENGAL). The BENGAL project is a high resolution temporal and spatial study of the BENthic biology and Geochemistry of a north-eastern Atlantic abyssal Locality. This project has the general objective of understanding how the physics, chemistry and biology of the abyssal benthic boundary layer respond to, and modify the incoming chemical signal from the overlying surface layers and thus affect the palaeoceanographic record in the underlying sediment. (http://www.marine.ie/information+services/data+and+info+prod) Benthic Boundary layer in the deep ocean (BENBO) A major inter-disciplinary, process-oriented study which will provide a dynamic bio-physico-chemical model to aid in the assessment of man's impact on the deep-sea. (http://biology.st-and.ac.uk/sites/benbo/Introduction.htm) Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study (BATS) A long time-series study of biogeochemical cycles of the sea near Bermuda. (http://www.bbsr.edu/cintoo/bats/bats.html) Biological Effects of Environmental Pollution (BEEP) an interdisciplinary project as a consequence of its focus on scientific interfaces between chemistry, biology, biochemistry and ecotoxicology. The goal of this research programme is to evaluate the potential of using biological marker determined in marine organisms as a means of assessment of chemical contamination and to investigate the socio-economic implications for certain selected zones. (http://beep.lptc.u-bordeaux.fr/) Black Sea Ecosystem Processes and Forecasting/Operational Database Management System Project started in 1999 as co-operation between major regional marine research institutions with support of NATO Science for Peace Programme to explore, quantify and predict ecosystem variability of the Black Sea (http://sfp1.ims.metu.edu.tr/) Canary Islands Azores Gibraltar Observations (CANIGO) The main goal of the CANIGO project is to understand the functioning of the marine system in the Canary-Azores-Gibraltar region of the Northeast Atlantic Ocean and its links with the Alboran Sea through comprehensive interdisciplinary basin scale studies. (http://www.allgeo.uni-bremen.de/forschung/projects/canigo/) Climate Variability and Predictability (VLIVAR) The German contribution to the international CLIVAR program contributes mainly to climate variability on scales of decadal and longer periods, with emphasis on the role of the ocean for the dynamics and predictability of long-term climate variations. (http://www.ifm.uni-kiel.de/general/clivar/clivar.html) Climate Variability and Predictability Study (CLIVAR) An interdisciplinary research effort within the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) focussing on the variability and predictability of the slowly varying components of the climate system. It investigates the physical and dynamical processes in the climate system that occur on seasonal, interannual, decadal and centennial time-scales. (http://www.clivar.org/) CLImatic VAriability of the Mediterranean Paleo-circulation (CLIVAMP). CLIVAMP is a research program whose objective is to investigate the long term variations of the thermohaline circulation of the Mediterranean Sea for time scales ranging from interannual up to changes during the ice ages. CLIVAMP will thus study the different states of the Mediterranean Sea during the past, its paleo-circulation and the processes affecting the ventilation and the overturning of the water masses. (http://wessex.eas.ualberta.ca/~myers/CLIVAMP/clivamp.html) Coastal and Shelf Sea Interactions (COIN). The overall aim of the NERC CCMS "COIN" project is to improve the understanding of the active processes in coastal and shelf seas and their essential interactions, thereby enabling the development of coupled models for forecasting and management into the next century. (http://www.pol.ac.uk/coin/) Coastal Area Modelling for Engineering in the LOng Term (CAMELOT) An ambitious seven-year programme of research into the development of methods for making predictions of coastal morphology over periods of up to decades. (http://www.hrwallingford.co.uk/projects/CAMELOT/) Coastal Habitat Management Plans (CHaMPs) The project is intended to help develop and trial a methodology to allow EU member states to fulfil essential obligations under Article 6.2 of the Habitats Directive. In the UK this is reinforced by MAFF High Level Targets for Flood and Coastal Defence, and will support the delivery of Biological Action Plans aimed at securing the management of Natura 2000 sites. (http://www.pol.ac.uk/home/research/p2t2-459.html) Coastal Study Of Three - Dimensional Sand Transport Processes And Morphodynamics (COAST-3D). The purpose of the COAST3D project is to improve understanding of the physics of coastal sand transport and morphodynamics, and to produce validated modelling tools, and methodologies for their use, in a form suitable for coastal zone management. (http://www.hrwallingford.co.uk/projects/COAST3D/) Comparative Analysis and Rationalization of Second-Moment Turbulence Models (CARTUM) sets out to meet the challenge to merge theoretical aspects, new field observations, laboratory measurements, and computer-generated data sets with computational and numerical considerations with the ultimate goal of significantly improving second-moment closure models. (http://www.ifm.uni-hamburg.de/~wwwto/ResearchTopics/CARTUM/c) Continuous Plankton Recorder Survey (CPR) Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Science runs the Continuous Plankton Recorder survey, a long term plankton survey in the North Atlantic and North Sea. The database is online. (http://www.sahfos.org) Copepod-Diatom Relations in Dabob Bay Copepod - Diatom relations research by the University of Washington's School of Oceanography. (http://www.ocean.washington.edu/dabob/) Coriolis Coriolis is a French project for operational oceanography contributing to the in-situ part of the system, with the objective of developing continuous, automatic and permanent observation networks. The data collected will enable water properties such as temperature, and ocean circulation to be mapped. (http://www.ifremer.fr/coriolis/) COSINUS Project. Prediction of Cohesive Sediment transport and bed morphodynamics in estuaries and coastal zones with Integrated Numerical Simulation models. (http://www.bwk.kuleuven.ac.be/bwk/cosinus/cosinus.html) COupled Hydrodynamical Ecological model for REgioNal Shelf seas (COHERENS) COHERENS is a European funded project for the scientific and technical validation and the dissemination and exploitation of a three-dimensional integrated model for coastal and shelf seas developed over the period 1990-1996 within two previous MAST projects. (http://www.mumm.ac.be/~patrick/mast/) Deep Tow Research Group Research on deep water marine sediments that applies deep tow high resolution seismic and sediment core analysis. Gulf of Mexico bathymetry maps and marine geology links are available. (http://deeptow.tamu.edu/) EDIOS - European Directory of the Initial Ocean-observing System EDIOS will be a searchable marine Directory of the ocean observing, measuring, and monitoring systems operating in Europe and is an initiative of EuroGOOS (European Global Ocean-observing System). (http://www.edios-project.de/) EnviWave EnviWave's main objective is to validate altimenter and ASAR wind and wave sensors against buoys, wave models and other satellites. (http://www.oceanor.no/projects/enviwave/index.htm) European Deep Ocean Margins (EURODOM) Involves eight research institutes and universities in Europe offering employment to pre-doc and post-doc researchers interested in working on "Assessment of continental slope stability" and "Deep carbonate mounds and reefs". (http://geomar.geo.ub.es/eurodom/) European North Atlantic Margin (ENAM). The overall objective of the ENAM II project is to quantify and model large-scale sedimentary processes and material fluxes in the north Atlantic and to assess their relation to the variability of oceanic and cryospheric processes. The timing, causes and flow behaviour of mass wasting events and the relationship between mass wasting events and deep-sea fan developments are to be determined in order to understand the spatial and temporal variability of marine systems from the shelf edge to the continental slope and the deep sea. (http://www.marine.ie/rnd+projects/marine+environment/oceanog) European Sea Level Service (ESEAS) Centralised depository of European Sea Level Data. (http://www.eseas.org/) European Seafloor Observatory Network (ESONET) Comprises a network of long-term, sea floor, multi-disciplinary observatories at key provinces around the European margin providing continuous vigilance in relation to geophysical, biogeochemical, oceanographic and biological phenomena. (http://www.abdn.ac.uk/ecosystem/esonet/) European Shore Platform Erosion Dynamics (ESPED) Aims to improve scientific knowledge and understanding of the development and downwearing of shore platforms and of the relationships between shore platform change and the rates of retreat of sea cliffs on the landward side of the platforms. (http://www.sussex.ac.uk/ESPED/) Eurosion Project commissioned by the General Directorate Environment of the European Commission, which will result in policy recommendations on how to manage coastal erosion in Europe in the most sustainable way. (http://www.eurosion.org/) Florida Bay Circulation & Exchange Program The study is designed to answer questions about the interchange between Florida Bay waters and the coastal waters of the Florida Keys. In addition, it will characterize the seasonal and potentially the annual variability in the background currents in Florida Bay and the eastern Gulf of Mexico. (http://mpo.rsmas.miami.edu/flabay/) Forum Skagerrak A common initiative of the regions surrounding Skagerrak, in Denmark, Norway and Sweden, to find solutions to prioritised environmental problems where co-operation can lead to effective measures. The project, was partly financed by EU Interreg IIC and ran from October 1999 to June 2001 with a budget of 600K Euro. (http://www.forumskagerrak.com/) Global AssimilatioN Applied to Modelling of European Shelf Seas (GANES) This EU-CEO project will use satellite altimeter and radiometer data assimilated into global ocean models, to provide ocean current, temperature and salinity boundary conditions for shelf and coastal models which predict sea-levels and currents around Europe. (http://www.pol.ac.uk/oshi/ganes.html) Global Ballast Water Management Programme (GloBallast) Assisting developing countries to implement effective measures to control the introduction of foreign marine species. (http://globallast.imo.org/) Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms (GEOHAB) Large scale ocean research programme involving an international community of scientists studying harmful algal blooms (HABs). (http://ioc.unesco.org/hab/GEOHAB.htm) Global Ocean Data Analysis Project (GLODAP) a cooperative effort to generate a unified data set and to determine the global distribution and inventories of inorganic nutrients, both natural and anthropogenic carbon species and natural and bomb-produced radiocarbon from data acquired from several projects such as WOCE, JGOFS, OACES. (http://cdiac.ornl.gov/oceans/glodap/index.html) Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics aims to advance our understanding of the global ocean ecosystem and how it responds to global climate change. GLOBEC investigates the links between climate and marine ecosystems. (http://www.globec.org/) Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) The Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) is intended to be a permanent global system for observations, modelling and analysis of marine and ocean variables needed to support operational ocean services worldwide. (http://ioc.unesco.org/goos/) Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) GRACE will be able to map the Earth's gravity fields by making accurate measurements of the distance between two satellites, using GPS and a microwave ranging system. It will provide scientists from all over the world with an efficient and cost-effective way to map the Earth's gravity fields with unprecedented accuracy. The results from this mission will yield crucial information about the distribution and flow of mass within the Earth and it's oceans and surroundings. (http://www.csr.utexas.edu/grace/) Guinea Current Large Marine Ecosystem (GCLME) an effort to assist countries adjacent to the guinea current ecosystem to achieve environmental and resource sustainability. (http://chez.com/gefgclme/) Hydrothermal Vent Program (VENTS) Established in 1984, conducts research on the impacts and consequences of submarine volcanoes and hydrothermal venting on the global ocean. (http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/vents/) Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX) An international field experiment in the Indian Ocean during 1999 to study natural and anthropogenic climate forcing by aerosols and feedbacks on regional and global climate. (http://www-indoex.ucsd.edu/) Initiative for international cooperation in ridge-crest studies (InterRidge) An international and interdisciplinary initiative concerned with all aspects of mid-ocean ridges. (http://triton.ori.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~intridge/) INlet Dynamics Initiative : Algarve (INDIA). The INDIA Project is motivated primarily by a requirement to improve understanding of the interacting hydrodynamic and sedimentological processes at work in the European coastal zone and to develop improved methodologies to predict changes in morphology. Undertaking such a study requires a dynamic natural field site where processes are sufficiently active to result in observable changes in the physical environment over a time span commensurate with a realistic field campaign. (http://www.pol.ac.uk/india/INDIA.html) Integrated Coastal Zone Management in France, Norway and Greece (COASTMAN) Comparative analysis of institutional arrangement experiences and needs for Integrated Coastal Zone Management in France, Norway and Greece. (http://coastman.free.fr/) Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) A new international partnership of scientists and research institutions organized to explore Earth's structure and history through scientific ocean drilling. The research program will start in October 2003. (http://www.iodp.org/) International Cooperative Study of the Gulf of Thailand (GoT) A regional research programme for the sustainable management of the Gulf of Thailand. Objectives are to establish an institutional and information network on scientific and socio-economic data collection, exchange, analysis and integration, to develop the capacity of the region to collect and analyze data, and to integrate multidisciplinary data into formats usable by various sectors. (http://www.start.or.th/got/) International Marine Global Change Studies (IMAGES) a global program to collect and study marine sediment records. The overriding IMAGES science issue is to quantify climate and chemical variability of the ocean on time scales of oceanic and cryospheric processes; to determine its sensitivity to identified internal and external forcings, and to determine its role in controlling atmospheric CO2. (http://www.images-pages.org/) Intertidal Ecology An Australian Schools Science Talent Search project which examines the affects of Rockey Shore geology on intertidal distribution. It aims to not only provide research results, but also to educate and inform the community. (http://www.geocities.com/smifchicken) Jason an oceanography mission to monitor global ocean circulation, discover the tie between the oceans and atmosphere, improve global climate predictions, and monitor events such as El Niño conditions and ocean eddies. The Jason-1 satellite carries a radar altimeter and it is a follow-on mission to the highly successful TOPEX/Poseidon mission. It is joint mission between France and USA. The satellite will be launched in May 2000. (http://topex-www.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/jason-1.html) Joint Evaluation of Remote sensing Information for Coastal defence and Harbour Organisations (JERICHO). The principal objective of the JERICHO project is to investigate which parts of Britain's coastline may have experienced an increase in wave height similar to that observed by satellites in the surrounding seas. The project is funded by the British National Space Centre and the UK Environment Agency. (http://www.satobsys.co.uk/Jericho/) Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) An international programme to assess more accurately, and understand better the processes controlling, regional to global and seasonal to interannual fluxes of carbon between the atmosphere, surface ocean and ocean interior, and their sensitivity to climate changes. (http://www.uib.no/jgofs/jgofs.html) Land-Ocean Interaction Study (LOIS). LOIS was a 6 year project (1992 - 1998) of the UK's Natural Environment Research Council involving over 360 scientists from 11 institutes and 27 universities. This project was the United Kingdom's contribution to LOICZ. It aims were to quantify and simulate the fluxes and transformations of materials (sediments, nutrients, contaminants) into and out of the coastal zone, extending from the catchment to the edge of the continental shelf. The main study area, embracing river catchments, estuaries and coastal seas, was the UK East Coast from Berwick upon Tweed to Great Yarmouth, concentrating on the Humber and its catchment, and to a lesser extent the River Tweed. The shelf edge study was focused on an area to the west of Scotland. (http://www.pml.ac.uk/lois/) Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone (LOICZ) The LOICZ Project focuses on the area of the earth's surface where land, ocean and atmosphere meet and interact. The overall goal of this project is to determine at regional and global scales: the nature of that dynamic interaction; how changes in various components of the Earth system are affecting coastal zones and altering their role in global cycles; to assess how future changes in these areas will affect their use by people; to provide a sound scientific basis for future integrated management of coastal areas on a sustainable basis. (http://www.nioz.nl/loicz/) Living with the Sea Addressing the impact of sea level rise and the UK flood and coastal defence response on the internationally important habitats protected by the UK Habitats and Birds Directive. (http://www.english-nature.org.uk/livingwiththesea/) Long Range Shallow Water Robust Acoustic Communication Links (ROBLINKS) The overall aim of ROBLINKS is to develop and test robust coherent acoustic communications at long ranges in shallow water at data rates in excess of 1 kbit/s. (http://www.tno.nl/instit/fel/roblinks/) Louisiana-Texas Shelf Physical Oceanography Program (LATEX) The LATEX Program is a six-year oceanographic research initiative that has as its principal objective the identification of key dynamical processes governing the circulation, transport, and cross-shelf mixing of the waters on the Texas-Louisiana shelf (http://www-ocean.tamu.edu/LATEX/) Marine Biodiversity and Climate Change (MarClim) Uses novel syntheses of existing long-term data on temperature-sensitive, readily observed intertidal climate indicator species to make predictions on changes in coastal diversity that may result from global warming. (http://www.mba.ac.uk/marclim/) Marine Effects of Atmospheric Deposition (MEAD) Concerned with potential eutrophication problems in coastal seas and the role of atmospheric deposition to these problems. Involved field experiments in the Kattegat, the results from which were used to develop predictive computer models. (http://www.uea.ac.uk/env/mead/) Marine Productivity (MarProd) A Thematic Programme of the Natural Environment Research Council. It is funded for a period of five years starting in 2000. Its aim is to develop coupled modelling and observational systems for the pelagic ecosystem, with emphasis on physical factors affecting zooplankton population dynamics. MarProd provides a major UK contribution to the international Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics project (GLOBEC). (http://www.bodc.ac.uk/projects/marprod.html) MARine PRODuctivity (MARPROD) Its aim is to develop coupled modelling and observational systems for the pelagic ecosystem, with emphasis on physical factors affecting zooplankton population dynamics. Marine Productivity provides a major UK contribution to the international Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics project (GLOBEC). (http://www.nerc.ac.uk/funding/thematics/marprod/) Mediterranean Hydrographic Atlas (MEDATLAS) The main goals of the MEDATLAS project are to update the available data sets of temperature and salinity profiles measured in the Mediterranean Sea, to check its dataquality, to merge compiled datasets, update climatological statistics and to make the numerical data available for other users. (http://www.ifremer.fr/sismer/program/medatlas/gb/gb_medat.ht) Microbial Ecosystem Dynamics (MEDEA). MEDEA is a combined experimental and theoretical approach towards understanding the mechanisms determining microbial ecosystem dynamics in the photic zone. Centered around an idealized conceptual/mathematical model, questions are addressed concerning mechanisms regulating structure and function of the food web. (http://imp.imp.uib.no/medea/) < Molecular Ecology of the Photosynthetic Procaryote Prochlorococcus (PROMOLEC). The EC MAST III project is centered on an important and recently discovered genus of marine photosynthetic microorganism: Prochlorococcus. This prokaryote proliferates in oligotrophic areas, including the Mediterranean and Red Seas, and is the tiniest and numerically the most abundant photosynthetic organism and accounts for a large part (up to 50%) of the photosynthetic biomass and primary production in these areas. (http://www.sb-roscoff.fr/PROMOLEC/)